On the other hand, fluid intelligence focuses on an individual’s problem-solving and reasoning skills. Both fluid and crystallised information become what Cattell refers to as general intelligence.Īt the same time, crystallised information focuses on accumulating facts and information throughout an individual’s life. For example, if one has to sit for a test, they need crystallised intelligence to remember the facts and information, while they need fluid intelligence to find the correct way to write the solutions. Crystallised Intelligence: Interrelationship and Differencesīoth these categories of intelligence are essential, and they go hand-in-hand daily. For example, your crystallised intelligence regarding a subject or topic will be more robust given how you have spent a significant amount of time studying it. Crystallised intelligence can be increased through innovative and better learning. One tends to build crystallised intelligence with more experience and learning. Unlike fluid intelligence, crystallised intelligence increases with age as new experiences pile up an individual’s mind. New experiences and information accumulate with age, thus, ensuring that crystallised intelligence becomes stronger. This category of intelligence depends on facts and internal experiences. The majority of situations that depend on crystallised intelligence require good vocabulary hold and reading comprehension. Unlike fluid intelligence, crystallised intelligence develops from prior experience and knowledge. Both these skills depend on previous knowledge, and those that previous knowledge can’t solve require fluid intelligence. With age, the fluid intelligence of individuals declines and so do specific cognitive skills. This classification of intelligence requires an individual to harbour the ability to solve puzzles and develop reasoning skills. The best examples of fluid intelligence are puzzle-solving and problem-solving strategies. The same ability is considered an integral part of learning, education, and experience. Fluid intelligence concerns the ability to reason and solve problems. Raymond Cattell defines fluid intelligence as comprehending relationships independently of previous specific instruction or practice relevant to those relationships. This Cattell-Horn theory of crystallised and fluid intelligence came up with the different abilities to produce general intelligence. Raymond Cattell came up with the theory of fluid and crystallised intelligence with the help of his student John Horn. In contrast, fluid intelligence declines with age while crystallised intelligence increases with age. Individuals often believe that their ability to comprehend and reason declines with age. On the other hand, crystallised intelligence refers to the culmination of knowledge, skills, and facts that individuals gain throughout their lives. There are two kinds of Intelligence in Psychology-Fluid Intelligence and Crystallised Intelligence.įluid intelligence in psychology refers to our ability for flexibility and reasoning. The ability to think quickly and the ability to reason differentiates between the different kinds of intelligence. Another definition used to define intelligence is ‘understanding and learning new situations regularly.’ Therefore, intelligence in the field of Psychology can be broadly classified into two major types, ‘Fluid intelligence’ and ‘Crystallised intelligence.’ Types of Intelligence What is Intelligence?Īccording to Robert Sternberg, ‘Intelligence’ is the mental activity directed towards adapting, selecting, and shaping natural living environments relevant to an individual’s life. In this blog, we will talk about intelligence, the two types of intelligence, and their uses and importance. Several definitions describe it, including gaining knowledge about different subjects. Intelligence is the ability following which an individual can acquire and utilise skills regularly. Psychologists use a variety of ways in which they gain and utilise information. It allows individuals to learn new things. Whenever we think about intelligence, we think about the accumulation of facts.
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